![]() ![]() Maintenance pruning is required to maintain a trees' shape. Maintenance pruning can be done throughout the growing season, from early spring to late fall for outdoor Bonsai. As explained above, trees will concentrate most growth on the top and outer parts of its stems it is important to prune these growth areas regularly to encourage growth closer to the inner parts of the tree. The goal of maintenance pruning is to maintain and refine the shape of a tree. We maintain the shape of this tree by pruning regularly, which will also result in finer growth and a dense canopy. This forces the tree to redistribute growth to the inner and lower parts, which gives us control over the growth and design of the tree. Because dominant growth occurs on a trees’ central stems, we know we have to prune the top and outer portions of a tree more thoroughly. Knowing the natural growth patterns of trees tells us how we can use pruning techniques to counter the effects of apical dominance. By distributing growth to the top and outer edges, the tree’s inner and lower branches will eventually die, while top branches grow out of proportion, both of which are not desirable traits for Bonsai aesthetics. This natural mechanism encourages trees to grow higher to prevent them from being shaded out by competing trees. ![]() For example, on a branch, the main stem of the branch is more dominant over its side twigs. ![]() This means that the main, central stem of the plant grows more dominantly than its side stems. Trees have a natural tendency to grow with apical dominance. This will help us understand how to prune Bonsai trees efficiently. Before discussing both techniques in more detail, it’s helpful to get a bit more fundamental information on how trees grow. ![]()
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